Construction of buildings



(N0 Model-J J. O. ANDERSON.

CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS.

. Patented Aug. 18, 1885.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

JAMES C. ANDERSON, OF HIGHLAND PARK, ILLINOIS.

CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS.

EJPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 324,634, dated August 18, 1885.

Application filed December 22, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMEs O. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Highland Park, in the county of Lake and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Buildings, of which the following is a specification,

I reference being had therein to the accompanywall in close proximity to the outside wallsof wooden buildings, and anchoring the same thereto, by means substantially as described, so that they will resist the shocks incident to earthquakes or upheavals of the earth, and not be liable to tumble or fall down.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a top or plan view of the wall of a wooden house having my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line w m of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view, showing the anchors bent downward and secured to the siding-boards. Fig. 4. is a view in perspective of one form of anchor,the other form being shown in Fig. 3.

In Southern California and in other locations frequented by earthquakes, buildings constructed entirely of brick are undesirable, owing to the fact that they are liable to be thrown down or shattered by the tremulous action of earthquakes, so that most, if not all, of the buildings are made of wood, which in a few years become unsightly and fall into decay. In order to overcome these objections, I provide a structure composed of wood and brick, as will now be described.

A indicates the studding of an ordinary frame-house, and B the sheathing boards, which may be of any desired thickness. Oommon boards one inch in thickness will answer the purpose well.

O is the outer wall,composed of brick, preferably of pressed brick, which may be laid in continuous courses as stretchers without the use of headers, as is commonly done in the construction of walls, said wall 0 being secured to the studding, or the boards which form the wooden walls of the building, by means of the anchors D. The anchors D are composed of strips of galvanized sheet metal of any suitable and desirable width, and of sufficient length to lap partly over onto'the bricks of the wall, the rear end of the anchor being twisted a half-turn, so as to lie along the side of the studding and be secured thereto with nails or spikes, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, or long enough to pass through the sheathing-boards and permit of the end being turned down and secured to the sheath ing-boards, as shown in Fig. 3.

The front ends of the anchors are provided with burrs or rough projections a, which engage with depressions b, in the top of the brick, the other depressions in the brick serving also as pockets for holding the mortar or cement. These anchors or binders should be placed at intervals of about every fourth or fifth course of brick, and spaced one binder or anchor for every three or four brick in length.

My invention can be readily applied to wooden or other buildings already constructed at comparatively small expense, while in its application to the frame-work of new buildings rough boards can be used in the siding, or by placing the studding close together the siding-boards can be dispensed with entirely.

The interior of the structure can be finished in any suitable manner, while the air-space between the lathing and plastering or other interior finish and the siding or brick wall will serve to keep the building dry and pre Vent the wood-work from decaying.

I am aware that buildings have been con; structed by laying up the bricks upon the side of a wooden frame, having laths embedded in the mortar between each course of brick, said laths being nailed to the frame.

I am also aware that brick walls have been placed in front of the wood walls of a building, so as to leave a dead-air space between them, said walls beingconnected by nails or spikes, and such I do not claim.

Having thus described myinvention, whatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 18'? 1. A wall or facing for wooden buildings, consisting of bricks laid in the usual manner against the wall or siding of the Wooden building, and secured thereto by anchors or binders of sheet metal, one end of which is laid flat and built in with the brick of the wall, while the other end is bent and secured to the siding or studding of the wooden structure, as set forth.

2. An anchor or binder for securing a brick Wall to a frame or wooden building, consisting of a strip of sheet metal provided with a burr at one end for fitting into a cavity in the brick, the other end of the anchor being adapted to be secured to the studding or sheathingboards, as set forth.

a In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES C. ANDERSON.

Witnesses: Y

CHAS. N. FRosr, R L. BLAKE. 

